- Settore: Government; Health care
- Number of terms: 6957
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of 11 agencies that compose the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The NCI, established under the National Cancer Institute Act of 1937, is the Federal Government's principal agency for ...
An ultra-pure form of water with potential antineoplastic activity. Derived by boiling impure water and condensing the resultant steam in a sterile container, distilled water has been shown to kill bladder cancer cells in vitro through osmotic lysis (cytolysis).
Industry:Pharmaceutical
An unstable radioisotope of cesium (Cs) with radiocytotoxic application. Cs-131 is a gamma photon-emitting radionuclide with high energy and a relatively short half-life of 9. 7 days. When used in prostate brachytherapy, Cs-131 demonstrated advantages over other commonly used isotopes.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
An water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion with immunomoadjuvant activity. Montanide ISA 51 VG appears to act by enhancing the immune system’s cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against antigen(s) in vaccines. The surfactant mannide monooleate in Montanide ISA 51 VG contains vegetable-grade (VG) oleic acid derived from olive oil.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Any fatty acid that contains an unsaturated bond originating from the 3rd carbon from the methyl end. Omega-3 fatty acids do not occur naturally with chain lengths shorter than 16 carbon units.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Any of a group of broad spectrum naphthacene antibiotics isolated from various species of Streptomyces or produced semisynthetically. In bacteria, tetracycline antibiotics block binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Any part of, or extract from, the female hemp plant Cannabis sativa. Marijuana contains cannabinoids, substances with hallucinogenic, psychoactive, and addictive properties. This agent has potential use for treating cancer pain and cachexia.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Any solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water with a concentration of NaCl higher than that found in physiological saline (0. 9% w/v). When administered in vivo, hypertonic saline (HTS) exhbits several physiological effects beneficial to cerebral injury including: 1) osmotic and vasoregulatory - by promoting the flow of excess water from cerebral tissue to the blood via osmosis and decreasing edema in the vascular endothelium of injured tissues, thus lowering vascular resistance and allowing more blood flow; 2) hemodymanic - by effectively expanding plasma volume; 3) immunomodulatory - by preventing leukocytes from becoming activated and adhering to injured neurons and; 4) neurochemical - by counteracting detrimental excitatory amino acids through the normalization of neuronal cell membranes and by restoration of normal electrolyte and neurotransmitter levels in brain cells, and normal cell volumes.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Autologous activated T cells that have been coated with bispecific antibodies (BiAb), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. In vitro, T cells are activated through exposure to the anti-CD3 murine monoclonal antibody OKT3 and low-dose interleukin 2 (Il-2) for 6-14 days and then armed with anti-CD3 x anti-CD20 bispecific antibody (CD20Bi). Upon administration, anti-CD3 x anti-CD20 bispecific antibody-armed activated T cells (AATC) attach to CD3-expressing T cells and CD20-expressing tumor cells, selectively cross-linking T cells and tumor cells. This may result in the recruitment and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTLs), CTL-mediated specific tumor cell lysis, and the secretion of antitumor cytokines and chemokines. CD20, a cell surface phosphoprotein, is found on normal B cells and most B-cell tumors.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Autologous activated T cells, loaded with a bispecific antibody produced by heteroconjugation of anti-CD3 and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies, with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding of EGFRBi-armed autologous activated T cells to EGFR-positive tumor cells may result in increased T cell-mediated cytotoxicity towards tumor cells expressing EGFR. Arming activated T cells with this bispecific antibody may significantly increase T cell secretion of anti-tumor associated cytokines such as IL2, RANTES, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with the replication-deficient adenoviral vector Ad5F53 encoding the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transmembrane latent membrane proteins 1 and 2 (LMP1/LMP2) with potential immunostimulatory activity. Vaccination with Ad5F35-LMP1/LMP2-transduced autologous dendritic cells may stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against LMP1- and LMP2-expressing tumor positive cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. LMP1 and LMP2 are expressed in various malignancies including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin disease.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
