- Settore: Government; Health care
- Number of terms: 6957
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of 11 agencies that compose the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The NCI, established under the National Cancer Institute Act of 1937, is the Federal Government's principal agency for ...
A meso-tetraphenylchlorin substituted by two adjacent sulfonated groups with potential photosensitizing activity. Upon administration, tetraphenyl chlorin disulfonate incorporates into the cell’s endosome and lysosome membranes. Subsequently, cytotoxic agents are administered and accumulate in endosomal and lysosomal compartments; upon local activation by light, tetraphenyl chlorin disulfonate produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, damaging endo/lysosomal membranes and accumulated cytotoxic agents are released into the tumor cell cytosol. This photochemical internalization (PCI) method can enhance the efficacy and selectivity of cytotoxic agents.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A menaquinone compound and form of vitamin K2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Menatetrenone may act by modulating the signalling of certain tyrosine kinases, thereby affecting several transcription factors including c-myc and c-fos. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A member of the homologous series of dimethane sulphonic acid esters with alkylating properties. Methylene dimethane sulfonate alkylates DNA, resulting in interstrand DNA crosslinking, inhibition of DNA replication, disruption of the cell cycle, and cell death.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A melanoma-associated antigen. When administered in a vaccine formulation, gp100 antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell HLA-A2. 1-restricted immune response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A marine-derived, synthetic cyclic depsipeptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Elisidepsin is a derivative of a natural marine compound that belongs to a family of dehydro aminobutyric acid-containing peptides (kahalalides) isolated from the herbivorous marine mollusk Elysia rufescens. Although the primary mechanism of action has yet to be elucidated, this agent exhibits anti-proliferative activity in a wide variety of cancer cell types, including breast, colon, pancreas, lung, and prostate; it appears to induce oncolytic rather than apoptotic cell death.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A macrocyclic lactone. Rhizoxin binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly, thereby inducing cytotoxicity. This agent also may inhibit endothelial cell-induced angiogenic activity, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A macrocyclic lactone isolated from the bryozoan Bugula neritina with antineoplastic activity. Bryostatin-1 binds to and inhibits the cell-signaling enzyme protein kinase C, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the promotion of tumor cell differentiation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A lyophilized formulation containing cultures of a low-virulent strain of Streptococcus pyogenes, treated and killed with pencillin G, with potential sclerosing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Besides its activity as a sclerosing agent, picibanil appears to have multiple effects on the immune system as a non-specific immunostimulant. This agent activates the host immune system by stimulating the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, and by enhancing the production of several key immune mediators, including interleukins (ILs) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A lozenge formulation of green tea, derived from the dried leaves of Camellia sinensis, with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Green tea lozenge contains polyphenols that may be responsible for its chemopreventive effect. The polyphenol fraction contains mainly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and other catechins, such as epicatechin (EC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epicatechin gallate (ECG). Green tea polyphenols act as antioxidants and free radical scavengers, protecting cells from the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A low-fucose, human-mouse chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside GD3, a surface antigen expressed on many malignant melanoma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ecromeximab binds to GD3-positive cells, thereby initiating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against GD3-positive cells. This agent is prepared by fusing murine immunoglobulin (Ig) light and heavy variable regions derived from the murine IgG3 antibody KM-641 to a human constant (Fc) region. The low fucose content of the oligosaccharide side chains of this antibody may enhance binding of the antibody Fc region to lymphocyte Fc receptors.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
